Electromagnetic Fields (300 Hz to 300 GHz): Environmental Health Criteria 137

This report presents a comprehensive review of the biological effects of electromagnetic fields across a frequency range from 300 hertz to 300 gigahertz, drawing on multidisciplinary scientific literature to inform human health risk evaluation. It outlines the physical characteristics of electric and magnetic fields, sources and patterns of exposure in community, home, and workplace settings, and mechanisms of interaction with biological systems. The document synthesises laboratory and human studies, distinguishing established effects from preliminary findings, with particular emphasis on thermal responses and induced currents. It also examines exposure assessment methods and thresholds, including specific absorption rates, and identifies knowledge gaps to guide further research and support regulatory and health protection frameworks.