Promoting Clean and Efficient Vehicles

This document explains fuel economy as energy used per distance and outlines common metrics, including L/100 km, km/L, mpg, and CO₂ g/km. It presents a global program to double fleet efficiency by 2050, with estimated benefits of reduced urban air pollution, fuel savings of about USD 300 billion in 2025 and USD 600 billion in 2050, and CO₂ cuts exceeding 1 Gt/year by 2025 and 2 Gt/year by 2050. It argues for an “avoid–shift–improve” strategy, noting the largest gains from cleaner, more efficient vehicles, and shows that countries without policies make little progress. Examples include Chile’s labeling and tax reforms, Mauritius’s CO₂ feebate and incentives, and South Africa’s CO₂-based taxation. Policy tools span standards, fiscal measures, market programs, labeling, and eco-driving, supported by data collection and analysis.