Titanium: Environmental Health Criteria 24

This document forms part of the Environmental Health Criteria (EHC) series initiated following recommendations from the 1972 Stockholm United Nations Conference on the Human Environment and supported by multiple World Health Assembly resolutions and the UNEP Governing Council. The titanium-focused volume, developed within the International Programme on Chemical Safety, offers a detailed scientific evaluation of titanium's properties, environmental presence, and effects on human health. Building on previous efforts to assess environmental pollutants, the report uses an integrated approach to analyze environmental and health impacts, covering sources of pollution, exposure levels, chemobiokinetics, and toxicological data. It provides a critical synthesis of data from experimental studies and human observations, concluding that while titanium compounds are poorly absorbed and appear to pose limited health risks to the general population, certain compounds (e.g., titanium tetrachloride, hydride, carbide) may induce adverse effects under occupational conditions.