Viet Nam: OECMs in Marine and Coastal Areas - Understanding and Accelerating Actions on OECMs in the Marine and Coastal Areas of East Asian Seas

In Vietnam, OECMs are understood as other effective area-based conservation measures, which are outside the formal protected area system but still contribute actively to biodiversity conservation. Vietnam does not have official criteria, but can refer to international guidelines (IUCN, CBD, which include 4 groups of criteria) to identify areas with clear boundaries, effective management, and sustainable conservation outcomes. Potential OECMs in marine and coastal areas: Community-managed areas, fishery resource protection zones, seasonal no-take zones, artificial reef zones, and sustainable aquaculture areas.