UNEP–WMO Consultative Workshop and Policy Dialogue on Solar Radiation Modification - Summary Report

This summary report details the outcomes of the joint United Nations Environment Programme and World Meteorological Organisation Consultative Workshop on Solar Radiation Modification held in May 2025. The workshop convened approximately 196 participants, including international experts, member state representatives, and diverse stakeholders, to facilitate a structured science-policy dialogue on the current state of research and the associated governance challenges. Its primary purpose was to foster an inclusive, evidence-informed knowledge base regarding the potential implications and deep uncertainties of these technologies. Methodologically, the event utilized thematic plenaries and facilitated roundtables to examine technical feasibility, monitoring capabilities, and socio-economic impacts. Key findings emphasize that solar radiation modification is not a substitute for greenhouse gas emission reductions and highlights significant knowledge gaps regarding regional effects. Participants reached a strong consensus on the urgent need for transparent, internationally coordinated research governance and the inclusion of developing country perspectives in future decision-making.