Climate Change and Human Rights

This report examines the relationship between climate change and human rights by assessing how environmental changes and response measures affect individuals, communities, and legal obligations. It outlines the impacts of climate change on ecosystems, resources, infrastructure, livelihoods, health, and security, showing how these undermine access to water, food, housing, and an adequate standard of living. It also evaluates how mitigation and adaptation actions may themselves create human rights risks. The report reviews evolving obligations of governments and private actors, including procedural and substantive duties, and assesses implementation gaps in mitigation, adaptation, and finance. It highlights disparities in commitments and identifies challenges in integrating human rights into climate governance.