Health and Safety Guide 55: 1,2-Dichloroethane

This health and safety guide provides an assessment of 1,2-dichloroethane, a volatile, flammable industrial chemical primarily used in the production of vinyl chloride. The document summarizes key data on human exposure, environmental fate, metabolism, toxicity, and regulations. Exposure occurs mainly in industrial settings through inhalation or skin contact, with potential systemic effects including central nervous system depression, liver and kidney damage, and, in severe cases, cardiovascular collapse. Based on animal studies, 1,2-dichloroethane is considered a possible human carcinogen, with observed tumor formation in multiple organs in rats and mice. The compound poses minimal long-term environmental risk due to rapid atmospheric degradation and low bioaccumulation potential, though acute aquatic toxicity may occur in cases of spillage. The guide emphasizes protective measures, emergency procedures, and international safety standards, urging minimal exposure and strict handling controls.