Safe Use of HCFC Alternatives in Refrigeration and Air-conditioning: An Overview for Developing Countries

This publication provides an overview of the alternatives to HCFCs, their general characteristics and the situations in which they may considered appropriate to be used in the context of the safety implications posed by these refrigerants. Specific information is provided on flammable, higher toxicity and higher pressure alternatives to better understand how such alternatives may be used and the measures which should be considered to assist the industry to implement them in a safe and appropriate manner. The publication, which is intended for National Ozone Units (NOUs) and other interested parties in developing countries, provides general suggestions and guidance on how NOUs can advise and assist their national stakeholders. The focus of the publication is on new systems, since the use of flammable, higher toxicity and/or higher pressure alternatives is strongly discouraged from being used in existing HCFC systems. Consideration is also given to the relevant requirements and recommendations of the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol.