Methods to Assess DNA Damage and Repair: Interspecies Comparisons

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorScientific Group on Methodologies for the Safety Evaluation of Chemicals
dc.contributor.organizationEcosystems Division
dc.contributor.otherBeland, Frederick
dc.contributor.otherPoirier, Miriam
dc.contributor.otherHoeijmakers, Jan
dc.contributor.otherLehmann, Alan
dc.contributor.otherMulder, G.
dc.contributor.otherNatarajan, A.
dc.contributor.otherTucker, J.
dc.contributor.otherSasaki, M.
dc.contributor.otherAlbertini, R.
dc.contributor.otherNicklas, J.
dc.contributor.otherRebison, S.
dc.contributor.otherO'Neill, J.
dc.contributor.otherMullenders, Leon
dc.contributor.otherSmith, Charles
dc.contributor.otherVrieling, H.
dc.contributor.othervan Zeeland, A.
dc.contributor.otherWood, Michael
dc.contributor.otherVerghis, Susan
dc.contributor.otherEssigmann, John
dc.contributor.otherWaters, Michael
dc.contributor.otherRichard, Ann
dc.contributor.otherRabinowitz, James
dc.contributor.otherStack, H. Frank
dc.contributor.otherGarrett, Neil
dc.contributor.otherLohman, Paul
dc.contributor.otherRosenkranz, Herbert
dc.contributor.otherAshby, J.
dc.date.accessioned2019-08-28T07:06:02Z
dc.date.available2019-08-28T07:06:02Z
dc.date.issued1994
dc.descriptionThis book evaluates current knowledge of the mechanisms of activation/detoxication of DNA damaging agents, organotropic and cell-structure effects, induction and repair of DNA damage, and the molecular and phenotypical analysis of mutation induction This evaluation is presented in seven contributed papers and a joint report which was prepared at a workshop held at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA in March 1990. The joint report includes general recommendations aimed at improving research in this field and developing methodologies for genotoxicity testing, taking account of the potentials and limitations of available animal models.en
dc.description.tableofcontentsForeword Preface Acknowledgements Scientific Group on Methodologies for the Safety Evaluation of Chemicals Participants of the Workshop Part 1 — Joint Report Introduction, General Conclusions, and Recommendations 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Carcinogenesis as a MultiStep Process 1.3 Reaction Kinetics and Adduct Monitoring 1.4 General Recommendations 1.5 References DNA Damage 2.1 Molecular Dosimetry 2.1.1 Absorption and Distribution 2.1.2 Bioactivation and Detoxification 2.1.3 Methods for Molecular Dosimetry 2.1.4 Examples of Carcinogen Dosimetry in Humans 2.2 Cross-Species Sensitivity in Carcinogenic Response 2.3 Approaches to Predict Cancer Activity and Potency 2.3.1 Structure–Activity Relationships 2.3.1.1 Fragmentation of the Chemistry 2.3.1.2 Fragmentation of Biological Parameters 2.4 Genotoxicity Profiles in Eukaryotes DNA Repair and Mutagenesis 3.1 State of Knowledge 3.2 Impacts of Preferential Repair 3.3 Mechanisms of Mutagenesis DNA Repair, Mutagenesis, and Risk Assessment 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Monitoring of Human Populations Part 2 — Contributed Chapters DNA Adducts and Their Consequences 5.1 Introduction 5.2 N-Nitrosamines 5.3 Aflatoxins 5.4 Aromatic Amines 5.5 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 5.6 Summary 5.7 References Nucleotide Excision-Repair Among Species 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Excision-Repair in Escherichia coli 6.3 Excision-Repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae 6.4 Drosophila 6.5 Mammalian Cells 6.6 Relationship Between Repair Systems of Different Organisms 6.6.1 Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes 6.6.2 Yeast and Humans 6.7 References Interspecies Determinants: Bioactivation and Inactivation of Carcinogens 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Exposure and Pharmacokinetic Scaling 7.3 Activation of Carcinogens 7.4 Prediction of Metabolite Pattern 7.5 Protective Systems 7.6 Extrapolation from Laboratory Animals to Humans 7.7 References Monitoring Cytogenetic Damage In Vivo 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Chromosomal Aberrations 8.3 Sister Chromatid Exchanges 8.4 Micronuclei 8.5 Sperm Cytogenetics 8.6 Interspecies Comparisons 8.7 Conclusions 8.8 References In Vivo Somatic Cell Gene Mutations in Humans 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Current Assays for Human In Vivo Somatic Cell Mutations 9.3 Other Measures of In Vivo Somatic Cell Gene Mutation 9.4 Conclusions 9.5 References DNA Repair in Specific Sequences and Genomic Regions 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Repair of UV-Induced Lesions 10.3 Alterable Repair of UV Damage in Mammalian Genes 10.4 Repair of Other Types of Damage 10.5 Conclusions 10.6 References Molecular Analysis of Mutations in Endogenous Genes 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Factors Influencing Mutation Spectra 11.3 Target Genes for Analysis of Mutation Spectra 11.4 Conclusions 11.5 References Molecular Analysis of Mutations in Shuttle Vectors and Transgenic Animals 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Operational Features of Shuttle Vector and Transgenic Animal Assays for Mutagenesis 12.3 Mutational Specificity of Ultraviolet Light 12.4 Mutational Specificity of DNA Alkylating Agents 12.5 Mutational Specificity of Aromatic Amines, Amides, and Nitro Compounds 12.6 Mutational Specificity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 12.7 Mutational Specificity of Other DNA Damaging Agents 12.8 Conclusions 12.9 References Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR): Computerized Systems 13.1 Introduction 13.2 SAR as a Process 13.3 Correlative and Mechanistic Approaches 13.4 Correlative SAR Techniques 13.5 Genetic Toxicology Databases: The Gene-Tox and NTP Databases 13.6 Integration of Structural Concepts with Database Evaluation 13.7 SAR Estimations 13.8 Weight-of-Evidence Scoring System 13.9 Summary and Discussion 13.10 References Structure-Activity Relationships: Experimental Approaches 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Early Approaches 14.3 Criteria and Methods for Interspecies Comparisons 14.4 Molecular Genetic Spectra of Procarcinogens 14.5 SAR Among Carcinogens/Mutagens in General 14.6 Conclusions and Perspectives 14.7 References Index
dc.formatpdf
dc.identifier.isbn0-471-94256-1
dc.identifier.urihttps://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/29685
dc.languageEnglish
dc.page.number274 p.
dc.publisherJohn Wiley and Sons Ltd.
dc.rights.accessLevelPublic
dc.subjectbiosphere
dc.subjectnature conservation
dc.subjectcarcinogen
dc.subjectgenetic resource
dc.subjectmolecular biology
dc.subjectmutation
dc.subjectrisk assessment
dc.subjecttoxicology
dc.subjecttoxic substance
dc.subjectDNA
dc.subjectHealth
dc.subject.sdgSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-Being
dc.titleMethods to Assess DNA Damage and Repair: Interspecies Comparisonsen
dc.typeTechnical report

Download

Original bundle

Showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
DNA.pdf
Size:
13.63 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
English
Download

Collections

Communication materials