Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment of Groundwater - Technical Guidance

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dc.contributor.authorUnited Nations Environment Programme
dc.contributor.organizationScience Division
dc.contributor.otherAndrade, Luisa
dc.contributor.otherChapman, Deborah
dc.contributor.otherGrant, Katelyn
dc.contributor.otherHermida Gonzalez, Lucia
dc.contributor.otherMisstear, Bruce
dc.contributor.otherO'Dwyer, Jean
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-28T07:15:39Z
dc.date.available2022-07-28T07:15:39Z
dc.date.issued2022-07
dc.descriptionThis technical guidance document is part of a series addressing monitoring and assessment of freshwater resources. It explains the hydrogeological characteristics that control groundwater quantity, storage, movement and chemical composition, and describes how these characteristics inform the design of monitoring programmes. The document outlines the occurrence and behaviour of groundwater within different aquifer types, including the influence of porosity, permeability and hydraulic gradients on groundwater flow. It describes natural groundwater quality and the physico-chemical parameters commonly measured to assess it, together with major threats arising from microbial pollution, nutrients, salinisation, industrial activities and naturally occurring substances. The document also examines contaminant transport processes in groundwater systems and their implications for monitoring. Practical guidance is provided on the selection of monitoring parameters, sampling methods, monitoring frequency and network design, as well as on the construction and use of monitoring wells to generate reliable data supporting groundwater assessment and management. en
dc.formatpdf
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.59117/20.500.11822/40414
dc.identifier.isbn978-92-807-3954-1
dc.identifier.otherDEW/2451/NA
dc.identifier.urihttps://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/40414
dc.languageEnglish
dc.page.number46 p.
dc.relationWater Quality Monitoring and Assessment in River, Lakes and Reservoirs
dc.relationQuality Assurance for Freshwater Quality Monitoring
dc.relationFreshwater Quality Monitoring with Biota
dc.relationFreshwater Quality Monitoring using Particulate Matter
dc.relationWeatherill, John
dc.relation.TableOfContentsAcknowledgement Foreword Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 The Hydrological Cycle 1.2 Underground Water Storage 1.3 Groundwater Inputs and Outputs 1.3.1 Infiltration 1.3.2 Gaining and Losing Streams 1.4 Groundwater Balance 1.5 Summary Chapter 2: Aquifers 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Aquifers by Rock Type 2.2.1 Sedimentary Rock Aquifers 2.2.2 Igneous and Metamorphic Rock Aquifers 2.2.3 Sand and Gravel Aquifers 2.2.4 Clay Aquifers 2.3 Aquifer Properties 2.3.1 Porosity 2.3.2 Permeability 2.4 Groundwater Flow 2.4.1 Groundwater Tracing 2.5 Summary Chapter 3: Groundwater Quality and Contamination 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Physico-Chemical Characteristics 3.3 Matter in Groundwater 3.4 Chemical Processes in Groundwater 3.5 Main Threats to Groundwater Quality 3.5.1 Microbiological Contaminants 3.5.2 Nitrate 3.5.3 Salinization 3.5.4 Naturally Occurring Contaminants 3.5.5 Emerging Groundwater Contaminants 3.6 Contaminant Behaviour in Groundwater 3.7 Summary Chapter 4: Groundwater Monitoring and Assessment 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Selection of Parameters and Sampling Methods 4.3 Sampling Locations and Depth 4.4 Frequency of Monitoring 4.5 Field Operations 4.6 Planning New Monitoring Wells 4.6.1 Single- and Multi-Level Well Designs 4.6.2 Construction of Borehole 4.6.2 Avoiding Cross-Contamination During Well Drilling 4.7 Summary References
dc.rights.accessLevelPublic
dc.subject.themewater
dc.subject.themegroundwater
dc.subject.themeaquifer
dc.subject.themepollution
dc.subject.themecontamination
dc.titleWater Quality Monitoring and Assessment of Groundwater - Technical Guidanceen
dc.typeTechnical guideline
wd.identifier.institutionsUNEP GEMS/Water Capacity Development Centre

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