Emissions Gap Report 2025

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dc.contributor.authorUnited Nations Environment Programme
dc.contributor.organizationClimate Change
dc.contributor.otherOlhoff, Anne
dc.contributor.otherChristensen, John
dc.contributor.otherBurton, Jesse
dc.contributor.otherden Elzen, Michel
dc.contributor.otherLamb, William F.
dc.contributor.otherPathak, Minal
dc.contributor.otherRogelj, Joeri
dc.contributor.otherCrippa, Monica
dc.contributor.otherGuizzardi, Diego
dc.contributor.otherGrassi, Giacomo
dc.contributor.otherLibonati, Renata
dc.contributor.otherPeters, Glen P.
dc.contributor.otherPongratz, Julia
dc.contributor.otherKuramochi, Takeshi
dc.contributor.otherFransen, Taryn
dc.contributor.otherAlberti, Caroline
dc.contributor.otherTong, Dan
dc.contributor.otherSchumer, Clea
dc.contributor.otherGidden, Matt
dc.contributor.otherHöglund Isaksson, Lena
dc.contributor.otherLamboll, Robin
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-03T07:41:18Z
dc.date.available2025-11-03T07:41:18Z
dc.date.issued2025-11
dc.date.submitted2025-11-03
dc.descriptionThe sixteenth edition of the Emissions Gap Report finds that global warming projections over this century, based on full implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), are now 2.3-2.5°C, while those based on current policies are 2.8°C. This compares to 2.6-2.8°C and 3.1°C in last year’s report. However, methodological updates account for 0.1°C of the improvement, and the upcoming withdrawal of the US from the Paris Agreement will cancel another 0.1°C, meaning that the new NDCs themselves have barely moved the needle. Nations remain far from meeting the Paris Agreement goal to limit warming to well-below 2°C, while pursuing efforts to stay below 1.5°C. Reductions to annual emissions of 35 per cent and 55 per cent, compared with 2019 levels, are needed in 2035 to align with the Paris Agreement 2°C and 1.5°C pathways, respectively. Given the size of the cuts needed, the short time available to deliver them and a challenging political climate, a higher exceedance of 1.5°C will happen, very likely within the next decade. The report finds that this overshoot must be limited through faster and bigger reductions in greenhouse gas emissions to minimize climate risks and damages and keep returning to 1.5°C by 2100 within the realms of possibility – although doing so will be extremely challenging. Every fraction of a degree avoided means lower losses for people and ecosystems, lower costs, and less reliance on uncertain carbon dioxide removal techniques to return to 1.5°C by 2100. Since the adoption of the Paris Agreement ten years ago, temperature predictions have fallen from 3-3.5°C. The required low-carbon technologies to deliver big emission cuts are available. Wind and solar energy development is booming, lowering deployment costs. This means the international community can accelerate climate action, should they choose to do so. However, delivering faster cuts requires would require navigating a challenging geopolitical environment, delivering a massive increase in support to developing countries, and redesigning the international financial architecture.en
dc.description.tableofcontentsAcknowledgements Glossary Foreword Executive Summary Chapter 1: Introduction – A Year of New Nationally Determined Contributions and the Ten-Year Anniversary of the Paris Agreement 1.1 The Focus of This Year’s Report 1.2 Significant Progress During the First Ten Years of the Paris Agreement – But Still Far From the Level and Speed Needed Chapter 2: Global Emissions Trends 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Continued to Increase in 2024 2.3 Emissions Continued to Increase Across Major Sectors 2.4 Emissions Increased for All but One of the Largest Greenhouse Gas Emitters Chapter 3: Nationally Determined Contributions and Long-Term Pledges: The Global Landscape and G20 Member Progress 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Global Overview of New Nationally Determined Contributions 3.3 G20 Emissions Pathways Towards 2035: A Deep Dive Chapter 4: The Emissions Gap in 2030 and 2035 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Scenarios for Assessing the 2030 and 2035 Emissions Gap 4.3 The Emissions Gaps in 2030, 2035 and 2050 Remain Large 4.4 Temperature Implications of the Emissions Gap Stress the Urgency of Immediate Action 4.5 Delayed Action Has Implications for 1.5°C Pathways References
dc.description.urihttps://www.unep.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2025
dc.formatpdf
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.59117/20.500.11822/48854
dc.identifier.isbn978-92-807-4239-8
dc.identifier.otherCLI/2721/NA
dc.identifier.urihttps://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/48854
dc.languageEnglish
dc.page.number76 p.
dc.relation.ispartofEmissions Gap Report
dc.subjectgreenhouse gas emission
dc.subjectemission inventory
dc.subjectcarbon emission
dc.subjectemission level
dc.subjectclimate change mitigation
dc.subjecttemperature
dc.subjectglobal warming
dc.subjectclimate
dc.subject.sdgSDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production
dc.subject.sdgSDG 13 - Climate Action
dc.subject.themeclimate
dc.titleEmissions Gap Report 2025en
dc.typeInstitutional series

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