Environmental Health Criteria 203: Chrysotile Asbestos

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorInternational Programme on Chemical Safety
dc.contributor.organizationEconomy Division
dc.contributor.otherGibbs, G.
dc.contributor.otherPigg, B.J.
dc.contributor.otherNicholson, W.J.
dc.contributor.otherMorgan, A.
dc.contributor.otherLippmann, M.
dc.contributor.otherDavis, J.M.G.
dc.contributor.otherMossman, B.T.
dc.contributor.otherMcDonald, J.C.
dc.contributor.otherLandrigan, P.J.
dc.contributor.otherSchreier, H.
dc.date.accessioned2019-08-19T18:10:45Z
dc.date.available2019-08-19T18:10:45Z
dc.date.issued1998
dc.descriptionChrysotile is a fibrous hydrated magnesium silicate mineral that has been used in many commercial products. It is widely used in global commerce today. Its physical and chemical properties as a mineral are observed to vary among the exploited geological deposits. The minerals that accompany the fibre in ores are many, and among these may be some varieties of fibrous amphibole. Tremolite is thought to be especially important in this respect; its form and concentration range greatly.en
dc.description.tableofcontentsPreamble Abbreviations Introduction Summary 1.1 Identity, Physical and Chemical Properties, Sampling and Analysis 1.2 Sources of Occupational and Environmental Exposure 1.3 Occupational and Environmental Exposure Levels 1.4 Uptake, Clearance, Retention and Translocation 1.5 Effects on Animals and Cells 1.6 Effects on Humans 1.7 Environmental Fate and Effects on Biota Identity, Physical and Chemical Properties, Sampling and Analysis 2.1 Identity 2.1.1 Chemical Composition 2.1.2 Structure 2.1.3 Fibre Forms in the Ore 2.1.4 Fibre Properties 2.1.5 UICC Samples 2.1.6 Associated Minerals in Chrysotile Ore 2.2 Physical and Chemical Properties 2.2.1 Physical Properties 2.2.2 Chemical Properties 2.3 Sampling and Analytical Methods 2.3.1 Workplace Sampling 2.3.2 Sampling in the General Environment 2.3.3 Analytical Methods 2.3.3.1 Fibre Identification 2.3.3.2 Measurement of Airborne Fibre Concentrations 2.3.3.3 Lung Tissue Analysis 2.3.3.4 Gravimetric Analysis 2.4 Conversion Factors 2.4.1 Conversion from Airborne Particle to Fibre Concentrations 2.4.2 Conversion from Total Mass to Fibre Number Concentrations Sources of Occupational and Environmental Exposure 3.1 Natural Occurrence 3.2 Anthropogenic Sources 3.2.1 Production 3.2.2 Manufacture of Products 3.2.3 Use of Products Occupational and Environmental Exposure Levels 4.1 Occupational Exposure 4.1.1 Mining and Milling 4.1.2 Textile Production 4.1.3 Asbestos-Cement 4.1.4 Friction Products 4.1.5 Exposure of Building Maintenance Personnel 4.1.6 Various Industries 4.2 Non-Occupational Exposure 4.2.1 Ambient Air 4.2.2 Indoor Air Uptake, Clearance, Retention and Translocation 5.1 Inhalation 5.1.1 General Principles 5.1.2 Fibre Deposition 5.1.3 Fibre Clearance and Retention 5.1.3.1 Fibre Clearance and Retention in Humans 5.1.3.2 Fibre Clearance and Retention in Laboratory Animals 5.1.4 Fibre Translocation 5.1.4.1 Fibre Translocation in Humans 5.1.4.2 Fibre Translocation in Animal Models 5.1.5 Mechanisms of Fibre Clearance 5.2 Ingestion Effects on Laboratory Mammals and In Vitro Test Systems 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Effects on Laboratory Mammals 6.2.1 Summary of Previous Studies 6.2.2 Recent Long-Term Inhalation Studies 6.2.3 Intratracheal and Intrabronchial Injection Studies 6.2.4 Intraperitoneal and Intrapleural Injection Studies 6.2.5 Ingestion Studies 6.3 Studies on Cells 6.3.1 Genotoxicity and Interactions with DNA 6.3.2 Cell Proliferation 6.3.3 Inflammation 6.3.4 Cell Death and Cytotoxicity 6.3.5 Liberation of Growth Factors and Other Response of Cells of the Immune System Effects on Humans 7.1 Occupational Exposure 7.1.1 Pneumoconiosis and Other Non-Malignant Respiratory Effects 7.1.2 Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma 7.1.2.1 Critical Occupational Cohort Studies: Chrysotile 7.1.2.2 Comparisons of Lung Cancer Exposure-Response: Critical Studies 7.1.2.3 Other Relevant Studies 7.1.3 Other Malignant Diseases 7.1.3.1 Critical Occupational Cohort Studies Involving Chrysotile 7.1.3.2 Other Relevant Studies 7.2 Non-Occupational Exposure Environmental Fate and Effects on Biota 8.1 Environmental Transport and Distribution 8.1.1 Chrysotile Fibres in Water 8.1.2 Chrysotile Fibres in Soil 8.2 Effects on Biota 8.2.1 Impact on Plants 8.2.2 Impact on Terrestrial Life-Forms 8.2.3 Impact on Aquatic Biota Evaluation of Health Risks of Exposure to Chrysotile Asbestos 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Exposure 9.2.1 Occupational Exposure 9.2.1.1 Production 9.2.1.2 Use 9.2.2 General Population Exposure 9.3 Health Effects 9.3.1 Occupational Exposure 9.3.1.1 Fibrosis 9.3.1.2 Lung Cancer 9.3.1.3 Mesothelioma 9.3.2 General Environment 9.4 Effects on the Environment Conclusions and Recommendations for Protection of Human Health Further Research References Résumé Resumen
dc.formatpdf
dc.identifier.isbn92 4 157203 5
dc.identifier.urihttps://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/29477
dc.languageEnglish
dc.page.number223 p.
dc.publisherWorld Health Organization
dc.rights.accessLevelPublic
dc.subjectenvironmental health
dc.subjectasbestos
dc.subjectchemical
dc.subjecttoxic substance
dc.titleEnvironmental Health Criteria 203: Chrysotile Asbestosen
dc.typeTechnical report
unepmap.identifier.seriesEnvironmental Health Criteria

Download

Original bundle

Showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
EHC203ChryAsbs.pdf
Size:
4.22 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
English
Download

Collections

Reports