Reefs at Risk: Coral Reefs, Human Use and Global Climate Change - A Programme of Action

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dc.contributor.authorInternational Union for Conservation of Nature
dc.contributor.organizationEcosystems Division
dc.contributor.otherBuddemeier, R. H.
dc.contributor.otherHulm, Peter
dc.contributor.otherPernetta, John
dc.contributor.otherWilkinson, Clive
dc.date.accessioned2019-07-28T13:15:55Z
dc.date.available2019-07-28T13:15:55Z
dc.date.issued1993
dc.descriptionThis report provides an overview of the increasing threats facing coral reef ecosystems as a result of human activities and global climate change. It explains the ecological structure and functioning of reefs, describing their exceptional biological diversity, high productivity, and the complex relationships among corals, algae, plankton, and other marine organisms that sustain reef systems. The document emphasises the importance of reefs for human societies, noting their contribution to fisheries, food security, tourism, coastal protection, and the livelihoods of millions of people in tropical regions. It outlines major drivers of reef degradation, including population growth, pollution, sedimentation, overfishing, destructive fishing methods, and the extraction of coral resources. The report also examines emerging environmental pressures linked to climate change, such as rising sea temperatures, sea-level rise, increased storm frequency, changes in ocean circulation, and coral bleaching events. Through global examples, it illustrates how these pressures interact and intensify existing stresses on reef ecosystems. In response, the document highlights the need for improved management approaches, coordinated international monitoring programmes, and greater collaboration between scientists, policy-makers, and local communities. It stresses that systematic observation, research, and sustainable resource management are essential for protecting reef ecosystems and maintaining their ecological and socio-economic value for future generations.en
dc.formatText
dc.identifier.urihttps://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/28991
dc.languageEnglish
dc.page.number26 p.
dc.rights.accessLevelPublic
dc.subjectcoral reef
dc.subjecttropical forest
dc.subjectecosystem
dc.subjectclimate change
dc.subject.sdgSDG 2 - Zero Hunger
dc.subject.sdgSDG 14 - Life below Water
dc.titleReefs at Risk: Coral Reefs, Human Use and Global Climate Change - A Programme of Actionen
dc.typeCommunication or other resource

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