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T1 Cooling Emissions and Policy Synthesis Report: Benefits of cooling efficiency and the Kigali Amendment
A1 United Nations Environment Programme, 
A1 International Energy Agency, 
A2 Andersen, Stephen
A2 Bandarra, Enio
A2 Bhushan, Chandra
A2 Borgford-Parnell, Nathan
A2 Chen, Zhuolun
A2 Christensen, John
A2 Devotta, Sukumar
A2 Lal Dhasan, Mohan
A2 Dreyfus, Gabrielle
A2 Dulac, John
A2 Elassaad, Bassam
A2 Fahey, David
A2 Gallagher, Glenn
A2 Höglund-Isaksson, Lena
A2 Hu, Jianxin
A2 Lane, Kevin
A2 Mangotra, Karan
A2 Masson, Nina
A2 Oppelt, Dietram
A2 Peters, Toby
A2 McMahon, Jim
A2 Picolotti, Romina
A2 Purohit, Pallav
A2 Schaeffer, Michiel
A2 Shah, Nihar
A2 Gonzalez, Marco
A2 Siderius, Hans-Paul
A2 Jiang, Yi
A2 Wei, Max
A2 de Ona, Alvaro
A2 Xu, Yangyang
K1 hydrofluorocarbon
K1 cooling
K1 climate change
K1 carbon
K1 air-conditioning
K1 energy efficiency
K1 air quality
YR 2020
FD 2020
LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/33094
UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/33094
NO Almost one-third of the world’s population faces dangerous temperatures for more than 20 days a year, while heatwaves cause 12,000 deaths annually. Staying cool is a health and productivity issue. We need to provide equitable access to cooling to protect people against extreme heat, keep food fresh, vaccines stable, and so much more. But unless we change our approach the growing demand for cooling will contribute significantly to climate change, partly through emissions of HFCs and other refrigerants, and partly through the CO2 and black carbon emissions from the mostly fossil fuel-based energy sources currently powering air conditioners and other cooling equipment. Right now, as the climate warms the growing demand for cooling contributes to more warming, but different paths exist. This synthesis report explores the climate and economic benefits of implementing the Kigali Amendment while at the same time improving the efficiency of cooling, for people and the planet.
DS UN Environment Document Repository
RD Sep 20, 2026