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T1 Design options for a sustainable financial sector: Lessons from inclusive banking experiments
A1 United Nations Environment Programme, 
PB United Nations Environment Programme
YR 2015
FD 2015
LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/9741
UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/9741
NO Over 200 years ago, Adam Smith put forward the notion that individuals seeking to benefit themselves through trade were led as if by an invisible hand to a situation in which society as a whole could benefit. It can be argued, however, that social objectives such as sustainability, and inclusiveness, do not emerge spontaneously through market forces. Such outcomes have to be designed through legal structures and institutions. In other words, for the invisible hand to operate, there needs to be a visible hand behind it. The financial inclusion experiment in South Africa provides lessons for the design of the type of financial sector required for the transition from greed to green. "
DS UN Environment Document Repository
RD Sep 17, 2026