RT Report T1 Environment and Security: Transforming Risks into Cooperation - The Case of the Eastern Caspian Region A1 United Nations Environment Programme, A1 United Nations Development Programme, A1 United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, A1 Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe, A1 Regional Environmental Centre for Central and Eastern Europe, A1 North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, K1 environmental management K1 energy resource K1 marine resource K1 biodiversity K1 environmental degradation K1 natural resource K1 natural capital K1 security K1 freshwater K1 Caspian Sea SN 978-82-7701-051-9 YR 2008 FD 2008 LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/32518 UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/32518 NO In the past, the notion of security was pri- marily conceived in terms of neutralizing military threats to the territorial integrity and political independence of a state. However, in recent decades, it has been considerably broadened through incorporation of non- conventional threats and factors promoting tension and conflicts. This report considers the role and impact of environmental factors in securing hu- man safety and sustained development of the eastern Caspian Sea region, including the parts of Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan opening onto the Caspian Sea. Furthermore, the analysis presented here introduces a security perspective as it seeks to identify those environmental, socio-economic and political issues that are profoundly affecting the livelihoods of the populations and could lead to social tensions and instability. DS UN Environment Document Repository RD Sep 22, 2026