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T1 Measuring Fossil Fuel Subsidies in the Context of the Sustainable Development Goals
A1 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 
A1 United Nations Environment Programme, 
A1 International Institute for Sustainable Development, 
A2 Wooders, Peter
A2 Zinecker, Anna
A2 Steenblik, Ronald
K1 fossil fuel
K1 sustainable development
K1 sustainable consumption
K1 subsidy
K1 statistical methodology
SN 978-92-807-3719-6
YR 2019
FD 2019
LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/28111
UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/28111
NO This report provides methodological guidance for measuring fossil fuel subsidies in the context of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicator 12.c.1: “Amount of fossil fuel subsidies per unit of GDP (production and consumption)”. This methodology is intendedfor use by National Statistical Systems in compiling national estimates of fossil fuel subsidies. It also includes anelaboration of how fossil fuel subsidies can be measured at the global level.
DS UN Environment Document Repository
RD Sep 16, 2026