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T1 Governance Mechanisms and Institutional Arrangements for Preparing Long‑Term Low‑Emission Development Strategies - Technical Guideline
A1 United Nations Environment Programme, 
A2 Bakhtiari, Fatemeh
A2 Harting, Leona
PB UNEP Copenhagen Climate Center
SN 978-92-807-4232-9
YR 2025
FD 2025-10
LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/48720
UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/48720
NO Long-term low-emission development strategies are vital instruments for achieving the climate goals established under the Paris Agreement. They provide essential guidance for deep reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and support just transitions beyond the scope of short-term national climate commitments submitted under the Paris Agreement. This technical guideline examines the institutional structures and governance mechanisms that countries, particularly developing countries, need to formulate and implement effective long-term low-emission development strategies that support both national development priorities and increasing climate ambition. The publication identifies six core institutional pillars for success: strong national coordination, meaningful stakeholder engagement, integration across sectors, updated regulatory frameworks, sustained human capacity development, and transparent reporting that is aligned with national climate commitment cycles. The countries examined reveal significant institutional gaps, including limited technical and financial capacity, weak coordination, and insufficient regulatory clarity. These challenges often result in strategies that remain largely conceptual and have limited practical impact. The guideline addresses these shortcomings by providing detailed and practical recommendations, including the establishment of central coordinating institutions, integration of long-term low-emission development strategy objectives into sectoral plans and legislation, stronger stakeholder engagement processes, capacity development across all levels of government, and alignment of review cycles with updates to national climate commitments. In addition, the report highlights emerging priorities by encouraging countries to reduce emissions of short-lived climate pollutants and strengthen international cooperation to improve access to financial resources, technical expertise, and knowledge sharing. These actions are considered essential for overcoming persistent institutional and capacity-related barriers. Although the report recognizes that no single institutional model is suitable for every country, it emphasizes adaptable good practices and the importance of context-specific, inclusive, and legally grounded approaches. Long-term low-emission development strategies are presented not only as roadmaps for increasing climate ambition but also as the foundation of resilient and credible national climate policies that can withstand international assessment through the global stocktake process and future negotiations under the annual United Nations climate conferences.
DS UN Environment Document Repository
RD Sep 16, 2026