RT Report
T1 Metal Stocks in Society: Scientific Synthesis
A1 United Nations Environment Programme, 
A1 International Resource Panel, 
SN 978-92-807-3082-1
YR 2010
FD 2010
LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/8438
UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/8438
NO The continued increase in the use of metals over the twentieth century has led to a substantial shift from geological resource base to metal stocks in society. This report reviews the relevant literature on this topic. From a compilation of 54 studies, it is clear that a reasonably detailed picture of in-use stocks and in-use lifetimes exists for only five metals: aluminum, copper, iron, lead, and zinc. Limited data suggest that per capita in-use stocks in more developed countries typically exceed those in less-developed countries by factors of five to ten.
DS UN Environment Document Repository
RD Sep 20, 2026