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T1 The Open Ocean: Status and Trends - Summary for Policy Makers
A1 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
A1 United Nations Environment Programme, 
A2 Fischer, Albert
A2 Grimes, Sarah
A2 Combal, Bruno
A2 Heileman, Sherry
A2 Bourbon, João
A2 Bigagli, Emanuele
YR 2016
FD 2016
LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/7660
UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/7660
NO This summary for policy makers report examines the status and trends of the global open ocean under the United Nations Environment Programme Transboundary Waters Assessment Programme. It synthesises indicators, expert assessments and projections across governance, climate change, ecosystems, fisheries and pollution, using observational data and modelling. Findings show warming, acidification, deoxygenation, declining fish productivity and rising sea level risks, alongside fragmented governance and monitoring gaps across transboundary ocean systems globally.
DS UN Environment Document Repository
RD Sep 24, 2026