RT null T1 Coral Reef Restoration as a Strategy to Improve Ecosystem Services: A Guide to Coral Restoration Methods A2 Hein, Margaux A2 McLeod, Ian A2 Shaver, Elizabeth A2 Vardi, Tali A2 Pioch, Sylvain A2 Boström-Einarsson, Lisa A2 Ahmed, Mohamed A2 Grimsditch, Gabriel K1 coral reef K1 ecosystem K1 climate change YR 2020 FD 2020 LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/34810 UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/34810 NO Coral reefs provide billions of dollars in ecosystem services every year globally but are in fast decline in the face of rising climate and anthropogenic disturbances. Urgent climate action is required along with bold local management to halt the declines and support coral reef resilience now and into the future. Coral reef restoration is increasingly advocated for as a management strategy to combat dramatic declines in coral health and cover globally. It is also increasingly suggested as a mechanism to help countries deliver on national and international commitments under various multilateral environmental agreements. Yet, there is still a limited understanding of the effectiveness of coral reef restoration efforts, particularly in supporting the maintenance of ecosystem services. DS UN Environment Document Repository RD Sep 22, 2026