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T1 Analysis of Formalization Approaches in the Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining Sector Based on Experiences in Ecuador, Mongolia, Peru, Tanzania and Uganda
A1 United Nations Environment Programme, 
K1 gold mine
K1 Ecuador
K1 Mongolia
K1 Peru
K1 United Republic of Tanzania
K1 Uganda
K1 legal aspect
K1 taxation
K1 pollution
YR 2012
FD 2012-06
LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/31429
UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/31429
NO This analysis document is developed for policymakers and other interested stakeholders on formalization of the artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) sector.  It is based on the analysis of  the  case  studies  developed  by  international  experts  for  Ecuador,  Peru,  Tanzania,  Uganda  and Mongolia and also draws upon examples from other countries. Formalization  is  a  process  that  seeks  to  integrate  ASGM  into  the  formal  economy.    The  process  of formalization includes the development or adaptation of mining (and other) laws or policies to address the  challenges  of  ASGM.    There  is  growing  official  recognition  that  ASGM  is  an  activity  that  can make a significant contribution to poverty alleviation but that it needs support to overcome associated social and environmental challenges.
DS UN Environment Document Repository
RD Sep 17, 2026