RT Report
T1 Large marine ecosystems: A global comparative assessment of baseline - Status and future trends. Transboundary Waters Assessment Programme Volume 4
A1 United Nations Environment Programme, 
A1 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
K1 marine ecosystem
K1 governance
K1 productivity
K1 fish
K1 fishery
K1 pollution
PB United Nations Environment Programme
SN 978-92-807-3531-4
YR 2016
FD 2016-01
LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/13456
UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/13456
NO Recognizing the value of large marine ecosystems (LMEs) and other transboundary water systems (open ocean, groundwater aquifers, lakes and reservoirs, and river basins), their continued degradation, the fragmented approach to their management, and the need for better prioritization of interventions, the Global Environment Facility (GEF) embarked on the Transboundary Waters Assessment Programme (TWAP) from 2009 to 2015. TWAP objectives were to undertake global assessments of the five transboundary water systems to assist GEF and other international organizations set priorities for interventions; and develop formal institutional partnerships for periodic assessments of these systems. Volume 4 presents the results of the first global indicator-based, comparative assessment of large marine ecosystems.  An assessment of the Western Pacific Warm Pool, based on a sub-set of the indicators, is included.
NO https://www.unep.org
DS UN Environment Document Repository
RD Sep 18, 2026