RT Report
T1 Determination of Organotins in Environmental Samples: Reference Methods for Marine Pollution Studies No. 59
A1 United Nations Environment Programme, 
K1 chemical
K1 environmental damage
K1 water
K1 shellfish
K1 gas
K1 animal ecology
K1 aquatic ecology
YR 1994
FD 1994
LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/31545
UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/31545
NO This technical reference manual, jointly prepared under the United Nations Environment Programme with the IAEA and IOC, outlines validated methodologies for determining trace-level concentrations of toxic organotin compounds (e.g., tributyltin and triphenyltin) in environmental matrices such as seawater, sediments, and biota. Developed to support global marine pollution monitoring efforts, it presents both electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry  for screening and gas chromatography (GC), including flame photometric detection or mass spectrometry, for sensitive compound speciation. The document includes standardized protocols for sample collection, preparation, and analysis, including for complex matrices like sludge, and provides calculation methods to ensure analytical precision. Emphasis is placed on contamination control, accuracy, and enabling data comparability across regions.
DS UN Environment Document Repository
RD Sep 18, 2026