RT null
T1 Quality Assurance for Freshwater Quality Monitoring - Technical Guidance Document
A1 United Nations Environment Programme, 
A2 Beechinor, Greg
A2 Chapman, Deborah V.
A2 Doran, Linda
A2 Lisniak, Dmytro
A2 Gonzalez, Lucia Hermida
A2 Warner, Stuart
A2 Webster, Peter
K1 quality assurance
K1 freshwater monitoring
K1 freshwater quality
K1 laboratory test
K1 life cycle
K1 quality control
K1 data quality
K1 water quality management
K1 microbiological analysis
SN 978-92-807-4031-8
YR 2023
FD 2023-06
LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/42666
UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/42666
NO This technical guidance document introduces the principles and practices of quality assurance for freshwater quality monitoring. It is designed for scientists and practitioners working in field and laboratory environments who may not have specialised expertise in quality assurance. The document explains how planned and systematic procedures help ensure that monitoring data accurately represent the condition of water bodies. It outlines the roles of quality assurance and quality control within a broader quality management system and emphasises the importance of establishing clear data quality objectives before monitoring begins. The guidance also describes how monitoring programmes should manage the full sample life cycle, including sampling, handling, transport, analysis, and data verification, to minimise errors and ensure reliable results. Although the focus is on freshwater systems, the principles and procedures described are broadly applicable to other aquatic monitoring contexts, including drinking water, wastewater, and industrial effluent monitoring, where dependable environmental data are required for assessment and decision-making.
DS UN Environment Document Repository
RD Sep 20, 2026