RT null
T1 The Present State of Mangrove Ecosystems in Southeast Asia and the Impact of Pollution: A Regional Synopsis
A1 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 
A1 United Nations Environment Programme, 
A2 Gomez, E. D.
K1 mangrove swamp
K1 ecosystem
K1 Southeast Asia
K1 pollution
K1 agriculture
K1 fishery
K1 industry
K1 population
K1 land use
K1 fauna
K1 geographical distribution
K1 river
K1 temperature
K1 soil
K1 metal
K1 Indonesia
K1 Malaysia
K1 Philippines
K1 Singapore
K1 Thailand
K1 pollutant
YR 1980
FD 1980
LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/30270
UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/30270
NO This report reviews and synthesizes country reports from Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand describing the state of knowledge on mangrove forests in this region. It describes the mangrove distribution and associations; including the occurrence of other species, both plants and animals, in mangrove areas. The physical and chemical, estuarine and oceanographic conditions of the environment are given as far as data could be found. The report then gives an overview of the most important pollutants in the region, and reviews the actual knowledge of effects on living aquatic resources. It points out the gaps where more knowledge is needed for the understanding of the effects of anthropogenic pressure on the mangrove ecosystems.
DS UN Environment Document Repository
RD Sep 18, 2026