RT Report T1 Vanadium: Environmental Health Criteria 81 A1 United Nations Environment Programme, A1 World Health Organization, A1 International Labour Organisation, K1 chemical K1 environmental health K1 pollution K1 waste disposal K1 aquatic ecology K1 terrestrial ecosystem K1 carcinogen K1 vanadium SN 92 4 154281 0 YR 1988 FD 1988 LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/29388 UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/29388 NO ?letaliic vanadium does not occur in nature. Over 70 vanadium minerals are known, carnatite and vanadinite being the most important from the point of view of mining. Production of vanadium is linked with that of other metals such as iron, uranium, titanium, and aluminium. As rich minerals rarely occur in large deposits, ores with a low vanadium content, which exist in large amounts, are important. Extraction of vanadium from fossil fuels, including vanadium-rich oil and coal, tars,bitumens, and asphaltites, is important in several countries. DS UN Environment Document Repository RD Sep 21, 2026