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T1 Used Vehicles and the Environment: Global Overview of Used Light Duty Vehicles: Flow, Scale and Regulation - Key Findings
T2 Principales conclusions – Véhicules d’occasion et environnement : aperçu global des véhicules utilitaires légers d’occasion – flux, échelle et réglementation
T2 Principales conclusiones – Vehículos usados y el medio ambiente: Panorama mundial de los vehículos ligeros usados – flujo, escala y regulación
A1 United Nations Environment Programme, 
K1 light duty vehicle
K1 supply chain
K1 supply and demand
K1 law and regulation
K1 case study
K1 import policy
K1 fiscal policy
K1 export
K1 Europe
K1 Japan
K1 United States
K1 electric vehicle
K1 heavy duty vehicle
K1 Kenya
K1 Uganda
K1 Rwanda
K1 Netherlands
K1 Africa
K1 Mauritius
K1 energy consumption
K1 air pollution
K1 Clean fuels
K1  Energy Efficiency
K1 Health
K1 Industry
YR 2020
FD 2020
LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/34298
UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/34298
NO This document synthesizes global evidence on the trade and regulation of used light-duty vehicles, detailing export volumes, destinations, policy gaps, and related environmental and safety risks. It reports that the EU, Japan, and the USA exported 14 million used vehicles in 2015–2018, with most shipments to developing markets across Africa, Eastern Europe, Asia-Pacific, the Middle East, and Latin America. Two-thirds of 146 importing countries have weak or very weak import policies; few apply emissions standards, enabling obsolete and unsafe vehicles to flow downstream. Case studies of Kenya, the Netherlands, and Mauritius show how age limits, emissions requirements, taxes, and inspections shape fleet quality. The document recommends harmonized rules, progressive tightening this decade, promotion of low- and zero-emission imports, and robust compliance mechanisms.
DS UN Environment Document Repository
RD Sep 20, 2026