RT Report
T1 Harnessing Opportunity: Wastewater as a Managed Resource
A1 United Nations Environment Programme, 
A2 Moline, Ann
K1 water reuse
K1 waste utilization
K1 South Africa
K1 Jordan
K1 Singapore
K1 water treatment
K1 Brazil
K1 Caribbean region
K1 United States
K1 case study
SN 978-92-807-3612-0
YR 2017
FD 2017
LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/17679
UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/17679
NO This document frames wastewater as a managed resource and explains why shifting from disposal to recovery yields health, environmental, and economic gains. It outlines ten guidelines for integrated planning, regulation, technology choice, and financing, stressing local context and enforceable standards. It presents policy case studies where enabling laws and municipal action expanded sanitation and reuse in South Africa and Jordan. It reviews technology options, from Singapore’s membrane- and UV-based reclamation supplying industry and indirect potable use to Brazil’s lime-stabilized sludge applied as fertilizer under engineered controls.  It details financing models, including Caribbean revolving funds and California’s bond-backed support for groundwater replenishment. It closes with innovations like biogas recovery and flags emerging issues such as endocrine disruptors and microplastics requiring further research and policy updates.
DS UN Environment Document Repository
RD Sep 17, 2026