RT null
T1 The National Plan of Action to Combat Desertification in Bahrain
A1 United Nations Environment Programme, 
A1 United Nations Economic Commission for West Asia, 
K1 desertification
K1 climate
K1 air
K1 rain
K1 groundwater
K1 arid zone
K1 wind
K1 land
K1 soil
K1 water quality
K1 sewage treatment plant
K1 irrigation
K1 agricultural land
K1 crop
K1 population
K1 employment
K1 labour
K1 Bahrain
YR 1991
FD 1991
LK https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/30295
UL https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/30295
NO This document, prepared jointly by UNEP’s Regional Office for West Asia and UNESCWA in October 1991, presents a comprehensive and data-rich framework to mitigate desertification across Bahrain. Drawing on extensive assessments of natural resources and socio-economic conditions, it details the country’s declining agricultural productivity, groundwater depletion, and rising soil salinity. It outlines physical and human drivers of land degradation, including over-abstraction of aquifers, ineffective irrigation practices, urban encroachment, and shifts in labor dynamics. The document emphasizes evidence-based interventions such as wastewater reuse, artificial recharge systems, land capability zoning, crop-specific irrigation strategies, and formation of national institutional mechanisms. It proposes a calibrated mathematical water balance model and an integrated system analysis to guide long-term water and land resource management. The multi-phased plan prioritizes sustainable agriculture, improved governance, and community participation.
DS UN Environment Document Repository
RD Sep 18, 2026